Forge



J. H. BROWNING FORGE Jan.v 13, 1942.

F11ed July 18, 1959 2 sheets-shee1 1 a ll Ill I lisa. H '.E..

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TT RNEY l N VE N T O R Jarvis /76 .5w/wmv@ Patented Jan. 13, 1942 FORGE James H. Browning, Great Neck, N. Y., assigner to Topping Brothers, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application July 18, 1939, serial No. 285,051

4 claims. rc1.' 11o- 3.5)

The invention herein disclosed relates to a forge and more particularly to a forge wherein a series of pieces of metal may be successively brought to forging temperature.

An object f the invention is to provide a forge in which a fluid may be used as a fuel. Another object of the invention is to provide such a forge in which a minimum of heat is transferred to the surrounding atmosphere. A further object of the invention is to provide a forge of this kind that is capable of heating a series of metal pieces to forging temperature successively and continuously. Another object of the invention is to provide a forge of this kind that is comparatively less expensive to build and install, more eicient in operation and less expensive to maintain.

These and other objects and certain advantages that will hereinafter appear are realized in thev embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in detail below.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the forge;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly in section as indicated by the line 2 2 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is an enlarged, fragmentary, sectional elevation taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

The forge illustrated in the drawings primarily includes a furnace I and a stack 2. The furnace is cup-shaped as illustrated and comprises an outer steel shell consisting of Aa circular disk 3 forming the bottom of the shell and a cylindrical side wall 4. The bottom and sides of the shell are lined with refractory material 5. Through the bottom of the furnace there is provided an opening 6 into which an oil burner 'I extends. This oil burner is supplied with fuel oil and air in the usual manner through conduits 8, 9 and IU.

The furnace is mounted to rotate about its vertical axis and for this purpose, there is provided on the under surface of the bottom 3, a circular, convexed, half-round track I2. This track rests in sheaves I3, four in number. Each of these sheaves is rotatably mounted in a standard I4, the four standards being angularly clisplaced about the axis of the furnace through angles of ninety degrees. On these standards the furnace is supported. At the upper edge of the furnace, there is provided a circular ange I upon which the articles to be heated, such, for example, as bolts to be headed, rest. .The ends of the articles to be heated extend over the edge of the lining of the furnace and so come into 1 speed of the pinion Il may be varied. The total reduction in the gearing is such that the rotations of the furnace may be varied from a speed of one revolution in four minutes to a speed of one revolution in twenty minutes.

`The stack 2 is suspended above the furnace, the lower edge 20 of the stack being spaced from the upper edge of the furnace. The stack invcludes a hollow Wall consisting of'spaced cylindrical walls 2| and 22, preferably rolled from sheet steel. At the upper end, these walls are welded to a circular tube 23 which has a series of holes 213 directed between the walls 2l and 22. The space between these walls forms an air chamber and an air inlet 25 is provided for supplying air under pressure to the tubular member 23. The air so supplied to the tubular member issues through the holes 24 between the cylindrical walls 2l and 22. The lower ends of this hollow wall is closed by a circular angle iron 26 that is welded to the walls 2I and 22. 'I'hrough this angle iron there is provided a series of closely spaced openings 2l through which the air supplied to the hollow stack Wall issues. 'Ihese openings extend at an angle to the plane of the edge of the furnace and when the stack is positioned as shown in the drawings, the air issuing through the openings 2l is deected on the edge of the furnace, as shown by vthe arrows in Fig. 3, and passes up through the stack. The openings 2'1 are suiciently close together and of such diameter that the air issuing through these openings forms an air screen that effectively prevents the passage of gases from the furnace and of heat from these gases through the space between the edge of the stack and the furnace.

The tubular member 23 to which the walls 2I and 22 are secured is in turn secured by welding to a beam 23 that extends transversely of the axis and diametrically of the tubular member. This beam is suspended through turn buckles 29 and 32, one at each `end of the beam, which extend between the beam and trolleys 3| and 32 respectively. These trolleys ride on an I-beam 33. The I-beam is secured to thebuilding in which the furnace is set up. Thus, the Stack is suspended from the I-beam but may be moved transversely of the axis of the furnace to permit access to the furnace. A hook 34 is provided to position the stack. This hook engages in a bracket 35 secured to the underside of the I-beam 3l and in an opening provided therefor in the trolley 3l. A hood 36 engages and covers the upper end of the stack and co1- lects the hot gases which are withdrawn through a conduit 3l' connected to the hood.

Within the stack, there is a deflector 38. This defiector is suspended from the beam 28 and it is arranged over the open end of the furnace. The deflector or baille consists of refractory material and it is circular in shape. The diameter of the deector is slightly larger than the mouth or opening of the furnace. It is built up of three annular sections and a central section having a shoulder resting upon the innermost annular section. Embedded in each annular section, there are four plates 39 of heat resisting metal, angularly spaced through angles of ninety degrees. Each series of circumferentially alined plates 39 are secured to a circular ring 49. The three rings 49 are supported by four plates 4l angularly spaced through ninety degrees. Two of the plates 4| are secured to one end of turn buckles 42 and 43. At the opposite end, these turn buckles are secured to the beam 28. Like turn buckles 44 and 45 are secured at one end to a rod 46 and at the opposite end to the two remaining plates 4l. The rod 45 extends perpendicularly to the beam 28 and rests upon and is Welded to the tubular element 23. At the point wherey the rod 46 crosses the beam 28, it is secured thereto by a bracket 41. The deflector is provided to cause the flame issuing from the burner to be deected towards the articles extending over the opened end of the furnace. Several such furnaces may be arranged side by side and the same I-beam track utilized to suspend the stacks. In such an event, a trolley such as that illustrated in broken lines at the right of Fig. l would be used between successive stacks. All of the construction would remain the same except that the stacks would be joined together by double trolleys. The deector or baille may of course be cast in one piece and suspended from above.

In operation, the furnace is rotated about the vertical axis at a speed suitable for the particular article being heated. If bolts are being heated preparatory to being headed, the bolts are placed on the support l5 with the ends thereof extending over the furnace. The ends of the bolts to be headed are brought to forging temperature during one complete revolution of the furnace. The operator of the heading machine being serviced by the forge removes a bolt and places another one in its place. A continuous supply of bolts with the ends heated to forging temperature is thus obtained.

The flame issuing from the furnace is deected towards the ends of the bolts by the deector 38 and the gases pass around the deflector and up through the stack to the hood 36 and the discharge conduit 3l. Air issuing from the openings 21 at the lower edge of the stack forms an effective air screen which prevents the hot gases from the furnace passing through the space between the adjacent edges of the furnace and the stack. This screen of air which is considerably cooler than the hot gases issuing from the furnace operates effectively to minimize the transfer of heat through this space. The heavily lined furnace retains the heat within the furnace. The

air chamber formed between the hollow wall of the stack reduces considerably the outside temperature of the stack. The arrangement is such that a man may work effectively at the forge Without suffering from the heat as the heat is retained within the furnace and stack and any excess heat is carried off through the stack and the discharge conduit 31. For different size bolts the speed of rotation of the furnace is changed so that the bolt ends will remain in the vicinity of the flame a longer or shorter time depending upon the size of the bolt.

It will be obvious that various changes may be made by those skilled in the art in the detail embodiments of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in detail above within the principle and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A forge of the kind described comprising in combination a vertical furnace, a stack having the lower edge thereof of substantially the same perimeter as the upper edge of the furnace with the lower edge thereof spaced from but adjacent to the upper edge of the furnace, the stack including a lower section adjacent the furnace having a substantially vertical hollow wall and a substantially frustro conical hood above the lower section engaging the upper edge thereof in gas tight engagement, an air supply conduit communicating with the interior of the hollow wall, and means for forming an air screen between the lower edge of the stack and the edge of the furnace including a series of air orifices spaced about the lower edge of the stack and directed to effect a deflection of the air streams striking the edge of the furnace into the stack.

2. A forge of the kind described comprising in combination a vertical furnace, a stack having the lower edge thereof of substantially the same perimeter as the upper edge of the furnace, the stack including a lower section adjacent the furnace having a substantially vertical hollow wall, a conduit forming the upper edge of the hollow wall having spaced openings therethrough com municating with the interior of the hollow wall, and a substantially frustro conical hood above the lower section engaging the conduit in gas tight engagement, an air supply conduit communicating with the conduit at the upper edge of the lower section, and means for forming an air screen between the lower edge of the stack and the upper edge of the furnace including a series of air orifices equally spaced about the lower edge of the stack, the orifices being inclined inwardly to effect deflection of the air striking the upper edge of the furnace in to the hot gas stream from the furnace.

3. A forge of the type described comprising in combination a vertical furnace open at its upper end, a stack suspended above the furnace with the lower edge thereof adjacent to but spaced from the upper edge of the furnace, a baille suspended within the stack larger than the opening at the upper end of the furnace and positioned close to the upper edge of the furnace to direct the hot gases outwardly, and means for forming an air screen about the upper edge of the furnace and between the edge of the furnace and the stack and directed inwardly.

4. A forge of the kind described comprising in combination a vertical furnace open at its upper end, a stack having the lower edge thereof of substantially the same perimeter as the furnace suspended above the furnace with the lower edge thereof spaced from but adjacent to the upper edge of the furnace, the stack including a lower section adjacent the furnace having a substantially vertical hollow wall and a substantially frustro conical hood above the lower section engaging the upper edge thereof in gas tight engagement, an air supply conduit communicating with the interior of the hollow wall, a baie suspended within the stack larger than the opening at the upper end of the furnace and positioned close to the upper edge of 10 the furnace to direct the hot gases outwardly, and means for forming an air screen about the upper edge of the furnace and between the edge of the furnace and the stack including a series of air orifices equally spaced about the lower edge of the stack, the orifices being inclined inwardly to oppose the outward flare of the hot, gases and to effect deflection of the air striking the upper edge of the furnace into the stack.

JAMES H. BROWNING. 

